A noun is a word that names a person, place, or thing
संज्ञा त्यो शब्द हो जुन व्यक्ति, स्थान वा वस्तुको नाम जनाउँछ।
Types of Nouns
1. Proper Nouns (व्यक्तिवाचक संज्ञा)
My name is Arpana (noun). (Name of a particular person)
मेरो नाम अर्पणा हो।
2. Common nouns सामान्य नाम :
A noun that refers to a group of similar things, such as “table” or “book”,
| Common Noun | Meaning in Nepali | Example Sentence |
|---|---|---|
| girl | केटि | The girl is playing. |
| city | सहर | I live in a big city. |
| bag | ब्याग | I bought a bag yesterday. |
3. Singular nouns: (एकवचन संज्ञा)
A singular noun is a noun that refers to one person, place, thing
एकवचन संज्ञा त्यो संज्ञा हो जुन एक जना व्यक्ति, एक स्थान, वा एकवटा वस्तुलाई जनाउँछ।
| Singular Noun | Meaning in Nepali | Example Sentence |
|---|---|---|
| book | किताब | I have a book. |
| cat | बिरालो | There is a cat. |
| teacher | शिक्षक | She ia a teacher. |
4. Plural Noun (बहुवचन संज्ञा)
A plural noun refers to more than one person, place, thing
बहुवचन संज्ञा त्यो संज्ञा हो जसले एकभन्दा बढी व्यक्ति, स्थान, वा वस्तुहरूलाई जनाउँछ।
| Plural Noun | Meaning in Nepali | Example Sentence |
|---|---|---|
| books | किताबहरू | She has many books. |
| cats | बिरालोहरू | Cats are sitting on the chairs. |
| teachers | शिक्षकहरू | Teachers help students learn |
5. Countable nouns
Countable nouns are those that refer to things or objects that can be counted individually. They can appear in both singular and plural forms and are typically used with numbers or quantifiers like “many,” “few,” or “several.” For singular countable nouns, you can use “a” or “an” (e.g., a book, an apple), while plural countable nouns can be used with numbers (e.g., two books, three apples) or other quantifiers (e.g., many dogs, few chairs).
गणनीय संज्ञा ती संज्ञा हुन् जुन अलग-अलग वस्तुहरूलाई गन्न सकिन्छ। यिनीहरू एकवचन र बहुवचन दुवै रूपमा आउँछन् र सामान्यत: संख्याहरू वा परिमाण सूचक शब्दहरू जस्तै “धेरै,” “केही,” वा “कति” सँग प्रयोग गरिन्छ। एकवचन गणनीय संज्ञासँग “एक” (a/an) प्रयोग गर्न सकिन्छ (जस्तै, एउटा किताब, एउटा स्याउ), जबकि बहुवचन संज्ञासँग संख्याहरू (जस्तै, दुई किताब, तीन स्याउ) वा अन्य परिमाण सूचक शब्दहरू (जस्तै, धेरै कुकुर, केही कुर्सी) प्रयोग गर्न सकिन्छ।
(e.g., book, cat, chair)
| Countable Noun | Meaning in Nepali | Example Sentence |
| Apples | स्याउहरू | I ate two apples. (मैले दुईवटा स्याउहरू खाएँ।) |
| Chair | कुर्सीहरू | I bought a chair. (मैले एउटा कुर्सी किनेँ) |
6. Uncountable nouns
Uncountable nouns are nouns that cannot be counted individually. These nouns are usually treated as singular and do not take plural forms. You cannot use numbers directly with uncountable nouns, and they are generally used with words like “some,” “much,” or “a little” instead of quantities. For example, “water,” “sugar,” and “music”
अगणनीय संज्ञा ती संज्ञा हुन् जुन वस्तुहरूलाई अलग-अलग रूपमा गन्न सकिँदैन, किनकि ती एक समग्र वा पदार्थको रूपमा हेरिन्छ। यिनीहरू प्रायः एकवचनमा मात्र प्रयोग गरिन्छ र बहुवचन रूप लिंदैनन्। अगणनीय संज्ञासँग सीधा संख्याहरू प्रयोग गर्न सकिँदैन, र सामान्यतया “केही,” “धेरै,” वा “थोरै” जस्ता शब्दहरू प्रयोग गरिन्छ। उदाहरणका रूपमा, “पानी,” “चिनी,” र “संगीत” अगणनीय संज्ञा हुन्।
| Uncountable Noun | Meaning in Nepali | Example Sentence |
|---|---|---|
| Water | पानी | I drank some water. (मैले केही पानी पिएँ।) |
| milk | दूध | There is milk in the fridge. (फ्रिजमा दूध छ।) |
| Rice | चामल | We need more rice. (हामीलाई अरु चामल चाहिन्छ।) |
समूहवाचक नाम त्यो संज्ञा हो जसले एकै प्रकारका व्यक्ति, जनावर, वस्तु, वा विचारहरूको समूहलाई जनाउँछ।
7. Collective Nouns (समूहवाचक संज्ञा):
Collective nouns are nouns that refer to a group or collection of people, animals, or thing
| Collective Noun | Meaning in Nepali | Example Sentence |
|---|---|---|
| Team | टोली | The team won the match. (टोलीले खेल जित्यो।) |
| Family | परिवार | My family is very supportive. मेरो परिवार धेरै सहयोगी छ। |
| Class | कक्षा | Our class starts at 10 a.m. हाम्रो कक्षा बिहान १० बजे सुरु हुन्छ। |
8. Abstract Nouns भाववाचक संज्ञा
An abstract noun is used to refer to ideas, qualities, emotions, or concepts that cannot be touched or seen physically
भाववाचक संज्ञा भन्नाले त्यस्ता विचार, गुण, भावना वा अवधारणाहरू जनाउँछ जुन छुन वा देख्न सकिँदैन।
| Abstract Noun | Meaning in Nepali |
|---|---|
| Happyness | खुसी |
| Freedom | स्वतन्त्रता |
| Honesty | ईमानदारी |
9. Concrete nouns
A concrete noun refers to things that can be seen, touched, smelled, heard, or tasted
ठोस संज्ञा भन्नाले त्यस्ता वस्तुहरू जनाउँछ जुन देख्न, छुन, सुन्न, सुँघ्न वा स्वाद लिन सकिन्छ।
music — You can hear music.
soup –You can taste soup
apple pie –You can smell pie